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Global Index Score

63.27

Global: 12thRegional: 11thIncome Group: 11th

Spain's index score lands +9.0 against the Europe average (54.2) and +11.2 against High income peers (52.1). It scores ahead of 92% of the 135 countries and jurisdictions assessed this edition. Published score 63.3 reflects a URAI adjustment from 65.9 (1 government-misuse evidence item on file). The profile rests on 39 documented evidence items spanning policy frameworks, government initiatives and civil society activity.

How Spain Performs Across the Five Dimensions

GIRAI evaluates countries across five core dimensions that capture the social, ethical, and institutional impacts of artificial intelligence.

AI Policy

62.98

Avrg. Score

49.13

Global: 13thRegional: 11th

Enabling Conditions

83.60

Avrg. Score

76.57

Global: 15thRegional: 12th

Civil Society Engagement

30.39

Avrg. Score

30.01

Global: 29thRegional: 16th
1

Inclusion and Diversity

74.15

Index Score

56.44

Avrg. Dimension score

Global: 7thRegional: 7th

Spain runs +17.7 against the regional average (56.4) on Inclusion and Diversity. Strongest indicators: Children's Rights (80.3), Cultural and Linguistic Diversity (79.5). Weakest: Gender Equality (72.5). This dimension ranks 7th globally — ahead of the country's overall position (12th). 9 evidence items on file, including "EU Digital Services Act" and 4 other documented items.

2

Ethics and Sustainability

67.99

Index Score

54.81

Avrg. Dimension score

Global: 9thRegional: 9th

Spain runs +13.2 against the regional average (54.8) on Ethics and Sustainability. Strongest indicators: Fairness and Non-discrimination (73.9), Environmental Impact (72.0). Weakest: Human Oversight and Determination (64.8), Transparency and Explainability (64.8). This dimension ranks 9th globally — ahead of the country's overall position (12th). 9 evidence items on file, including "2024 Artificial Intelligence Strategy (Spain)" and 4 other documented items.

3

Labour and Skills

75.41

Index Score

57.98

Avrg. Dimension score

Global: 5thRegional: 4th

Spain runs +17.4 against the regional average (58.0) on Labour and Skills. Strongest indicators: Labour Protections (73.2), AI Literacy (72.7). Weakest: Reskilling/Upskilling Initiatives (71.2). This dimension ranks 5th globally — ahead of the country's overall position (12th). 9 evidence items on file, including "2024 Artificial Intelligence Strategy (Spain)" and 4 other documented items.

4

Trust and Safety

73.80

Index Score

63.43

Avrg. Dimension score

Global: 10thRegional: 10th

Spain runs +10.4 against the regional average (63.4) on Trust and Safety. Strongest indicators: AI-facilitated Misinformation and Violence (79.5), Access to Redress and Remedy (73.9). Weakest: Safety and Security (65.5), Impact Assessments (73.2). This dimension ranks 10th globally — ahead of the country's overall position (12th). 9 evidence items on file, including "EU Digital Services Act" and 4 other documented items.

5

AI Use in Public Service

38.20

Index Score

44.61

Avrg. Dimension score

Global: 42ndRegional: 18th

Spain runs -6.4 against the regional average (44.6) on AI Use in Public Service. Strongest indicators: Public Sector Skills Development (69.7), Public Disclosure of Government Algorithmic Systems (0.0). Weakest: Public Procurement (0.0). This dimension ranks 42nd globally — behind the country's overall position (12th). 3 evidence items on file, including "2024 Artificial Intelligence Strategy (Spain)" and 1 other documented items.

Comparing Results Across Editions

Explore how country performance, scores, and governance indicators have changed between GIRAI editions.

14 indicators

Indicator2024 Edition2026 Edition
Gender EqualityNon-Binding FrameworkBinding Framework
Children's RightsBinding FrameworkBinding Framework
Cultural and Linguistic DiversityDraftNon-Binding Framework
Fairness and Non-discriminationNon-Binding FrameworkBinding Framework
Transparency and ExplainabilityNon-Binding FrameworkBinding Framework
Human Oversight and DeterminationBinding FrameworkBinding Framework
Labour ProtectionsBinding FrameworkBinding Framework
Reskilling/Upskilling InitiativesNo FrameworkNon-Binding Framework
Safety and SecurityNon-Binding FrameworkBinding Framework
Access to Redress and RemedyBinding FrameworkBinding Framework
Impact AssessmentsBinding FrameworkBinding Framework
Public Sector Skills DevelopmentNon-Binding FrameworkNon-Binding Framework
Public ProcurementNo FrameworkNo Framework
Government Mechanisms for CSO Inclusion in AI Policy and GovernanceNon-Binding FrameworkNon-Binding Framework

Indicator definitions changed between editions; this table compares evidence presence and status, not directly comparable scores. A — indicates the item is not applicable or was not assessed for that edition.

Compare responsible AI performance

Explore how countries and regions perform across GIRAI's governance dimensions, scores, and structural indicators.

Compare
🇪🇸Spain

63.27

Global 12thRegional 11th
Europe

54.23

Regional average

Dimension scores

Inclusion and Diversity
Spain
74.2
Europe
56.4
Ethics and Sustainability
Spain
68.0
Europe
54.8
Labour and Skills
Spain
75.4
Europe
58.0
Trust and Safety
Spain
73.8
Europe
63.4
AI Use in Public Service
Spain
38.2
Europe
44.6

Indicators

37 of 37
IndicatorSpainEurope
Inclusion and Diversity7
APGender Equality
72.551.1
APChildren's Rights
80.359.0
APCultural and Linguistic Diversity
79.541.8
CSOCivil Society Engagement in Inclusion and Diversity
23.121.4
ECEgalitarian Democracy
82.067.6
ECDevice Affordability
78.176.1
ECGender Gap in Mobile Internet
93.795.3
Ethics and Sustainability7
APFairness and Non-discrimination
73.960.1
APTransparency and Explainability
64.864.5
APHuman Oversight and Determination
64.857.8
APEnvironmental Impact
72.028.5
CSOCivil Society Engagement in Ethics and Sustainability
38.530.8
ECLow-Carbon Energy Share
76.864.7
ECRule of Law
75.569.2
Labour and Skills6
APLabour Protections
73.253.9
APReskilling/Upskilling Initiatives
71.256.0
APAI Literacy
72.752.3
CSOCivil Society Engagement in Labour and Skills
61.530.1
ECLabour Rights & Compliance
77.562.9
ECSkills & Literacy
94.787.4
Trust and Safety10
APSafety and Security
65.560.7
APAccess to Redress and Remedy
73.955.0
APImpact Assessments
73.260.4
APAI-facilitated Misinformation and Violence
79.558.4
CSOCivil Society Engagement in Trust and Safety
26.424.0
ECData Protection and Privacy
100.084.2
ECData Sharing and Access
87.587.1
ECConsumer Protection
83.391.6
ECCybersecurity
99.788.6
ECGlobal Peace
85.479.4
AI Use in Public Service7
APPublic Sector Skills Development
69.742.0
APPublic Disclosure of Government Algorithmic Systems
0.021.5
APPublic Procurement
0.025.3
CSOGovernment Mechanisms for CSO Inclusion in AI Policy and Governance
2.543.8
ECCivil Society Accountability
86.975.5
ECPublic Service Delivery
84.486.3
ECAccess to Public Information
68.862.9
Score adjustment
URAIUnacceptable Risk AI Systems
×0.961 government-misuse item×0.98Regional average
APAI Policy
CSOCSO Engagement
ECEnabling Conditions
Misuse Of AI

Unacceptable Risk AI Systems

Evidence related to government use of AI systems associated with unacceptable-risk categories.

Contact GIRAI
  • Criminal Justice & Law Enforcement

    RisCanvi has been fully deployed at the regional level in the Catalan prison system since 2010

    RisCanvi has been fully deployed at the regional level in the Catalan prison system since 2010 and is regularly used in all centers managed by the Generalitat de Catalunya. In Catalonia ‘RisCanvi’ is an algorithm used by prison administration to calculate the risk of an inmate committing a reoffence based on a series of weighted characteristics. The algorithm was initially intended to target reoffending among particular crimes such as murder or sexual offences but it has been expanded to include several types of offenders.

    View Trusted Source

What Drives This Performance?

A breakdown of the structural factors shaping this country's score.

AI Policy

National AI strategies, laws, and oversight mechanisms that establish formal governance structures.

Contribution to overall score

57%

Civil society engagement

Participation of academia, advocacy groups, and non-state actors in shaping governance and ensuring accountability.

Contribution to overall score

5%

Enabling conditions

Institutional capacity, rule of law, digital readiness, and labour protections that enable effective governance.

Contribution to overall score

38%

  • Strongest context signal: Data Protection and Privacy (100.0)
  • Cybersecurity (99.7)
  • Skills & Literacy (94.7)

Evidence for Spain

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