In the context of AI, the concept of responsibility concerns the humans or decision-making body (whether public or private) to whom causal relations to a certain outcome may be assigned. This is different from the concept of ‘responsible AI’ in that it identifies who (i.e. humans, legal entities, etc.) is responsible for what (i.e., decisions, outcomes, impacts), rather than ensuring the use of AI in a safe, ethical and trustworthy way. 

Accountability, which concerns both the provision of information about, and the justification or explanation of, one’s conduct regarding the design, development, deployment or use of an AI system to an authority.